A hand sanitizer created by University of Georgia scientists could soon help vacationers on cruise ships spend more time having fun on the lido deck and less time leaning over the side suffering from nasty stomach bugs.
The sanitizer kills norovirus, the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, or stomach flu, in the United States. Norovirus is commonly called the “cruise ship virus” for the public attention it gets for sometimes sickening hundreds or even thousands of cruise passengers and ruining family vacations. However, far more outbreaks are associated with hospitals, nursing homes, schools, daycares and food, said project leader Jennifer Cannon, who is an assistant professor with the UGA Center for Food Safety in Griffin, Ga.
Approximately 60 percent of all cases of foodborne illness in the U.S. are caused by the norovirus. Many of these cases are the result of poor hand hygiene practices during food service, she said.
Norovirus is easily transmitted from person to person. It causes 23 million illnesses each year, and 9.2 million of those are foodborne, Cannon said. While the E. coli pathogen brings to mind undercooked hamburgers, norovirus is more frequently associated with foods that are consumed without cooking, such as salads, deli meats, fresh produce and raw oysters.
“Cruise ships are close settings where everyone is touching the same surfaces, and there’s obviously nowhere to go to get away from each other,” Cannon said.
Norovirus symptoms typically show within 12 to 48 hours of exposure and usually include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and sometimes a fever.
In addition to the hand sanitizer, for which UGA has submitted a patent application, Cannon is working on a norovirus-killing produce wash solution.
Until the new virus-killing hand sanitizer solution is commercially produced, Cannon says frequent hand washing is still the best defense. “You should wash your hands every time after you use the restroom or change diapers and before you touch your mouth or smoke a cigarette and every time you eat food,” she said. To wash your hands well enough to get rid of germs, use warm, soapy water and rub them together long enough to sing the “Happy Birthday” song twice. Cannon says ethanol sanitizers should be used as a supplement, not a replacement for hand washing.
